急性冠状动脉综合征
So you’ve never heard of acute coronary syndrome? 但是关于 心脏病 or 不稳定性心绞痛? These well-known conditions are both acute coronary syndromes (ACS), an umbrella term for situations in which blood supplied to the heart muscle is suddenly blocked.
The blockage is usually due to a blood clot 和 can be sudden 和 complete. If a clot forms due to a plaque rupture, a part of the clot may break away 和 clog one of the 冠状动脉 causing ACS. Though less common, spasms in the coronary artery may also limit blood flow. Regardless of the cause of the blockage, it’s damaging to the heart 和 a medical emergency.
症状是什么??
胸部疼痛 or discomfort may immediately signal that something’s wrong with your heart. But other symptoms may leave you unsure of what’s wrong. Take note of these common signs of an acute coronary syndrome:
- 胸部疼痛 or discomfort, which may involve pressure, tightness or fullness
- Pain or discomfort in one or both arms, the jaw, neck, back or stomach
- 呼吸急促（气促）
- 感到头晕或头昏
- 恶心想吐
- 出汗
认真对待这些症状. If you experience chest pain or other symptoms, don’t hesitate to call 911 immediately.
胸部疼痛 caused by acute coronary syndromes can come on suddenly, as is the case with a 心脏病. Other times, the pain can be unpredictable or get worse even with rest – both hallmark symptoms of 不稳定性心绞痛. People who experience chronic chest pain resulting from decreased blood flow to the heart due to years of 胆固醇 buildup in their arteries can develop an acute coronary syndrome if a blood clot forms on top of the plaque buildup.
How is it diagnosed 和 treated?
To determine what’s causing your symptoms, a health care professional will take a careful medical history 和 give you a physical examination. If acute coronary syndrome is suspected, the following tests may be performed:
- A 血液测试 can show evidence that heart cells are dying.
- An 心电图(ECG或EKG) can diagnose an acute coronary syndrome by measuring the heart’s electrical activity.
If tests confirm blood flow to the heart has been blocked, your health care team will work quickly to restore it. Every second counts to prevent further damage to the heart muscle.
Treatment for acute coronary syndrome includes 药物 这个过程被称为 血管成形术, during which doctors inflate a small balloon to open the artery. A wire mesh tube called a stent may be permanently placed in the artery to keep it open. In hospitals not equipped to do 血管成形术 quickly, doctors may administer drugs to dissolve blood clots. View an illustration of 冠状动脉(链接在新窗口中打开).
我有危险吗??
Acute coronary syndromes, just like 心脏衰竭 和 中风, are much more likely in people who have certain risk factors. 这些包括:
Your health care professional can help you underst和 your personal risk 和 what you can do about it.
