Abnormal and "Innocent" Heart Murmurs
什么导致心脏杂音?
Abnormal heart murmurs in adults are usually related to defective heart valves. Abnormal heart murmurs in adults may be related to:
Some heart murmurs, called innocent murmurs, may occur in children. They are not considered to be serious and may be caused by:
Heart murmurs related to valve problems should receive follow-up care.
Not every murmur is associated with valve disease. Murmurs can also be caused by conditions that may temporarily increase blood flow such as:
- 锻炼
- 怀孕
- 发热
- 甲状腺机能亢进
- 贫血
- 儿童生长迅速
如果检测到杂音， 后续的测试 可能会被推荐. Although some heart murmurs indicate 心脏瓣膜问题，其他的则被认为是无害的. 这些都是“无辜的”低语.
什么是无辜的心杂音?
Innocent heart murmurs are harmless sounds made by the blood circulating normally through the heart's chambers and valves or through blood vessels near the heart. They can be common during infancy and childhood and often disappear by adulthood. 他们 sometimes known as "functional" or "physiologic" murmurs.
Some harmless murmurs require additional tests such as an 心电图 (心电图)或 超声心动图 (echo) to rule out the possibility of a problem.
无害的心脏杂音正常吗?
Innocent murmurs are common in healthy infants, children and adolescents. Innocent murmurs also may disappear and then reappear. Read more about childhood heart murmurs.
Innocent murmurs don’t require medication, don’t create cardiac symptoms and don’t mean there is a heart problem or disease.
Most innocent murmurs disappear when a child reaches adulthood, but some adults still have them. When a child's heart rate changes, 比如运动时, 兴奋还是恐惧, the innocent murmur may become louder or softer.
Download our printable information sheet: 什么是无辜的心杂音? (PDF)
Diagnosing the Cause: Types of Heart Murmurs
Your health care provider will investigate the root cause of the heart murmur. Clues about the cause can be based on the loudness, location and quality of the murmur. 响度从1到6分. A grade of 1 is very faint, heard only with a special effort. A grade 6 is extremely loud and can be heard with a stethoscope even without touching the chest.
的位置, duration and loudness of the murmur can help your health care provider determine which heart valve is involved as well as the severity.
Other tests may be done to decide if the murmur needs further investigation including:
As with most conditions, heart murmurs and any underlying problems can vary in severity and risk.
Any time a murmur is suspected to be associated with a valve problem that may need 治疗或修复, it’s wise to look for a qualified health care professional with experience diagnosing and treating your condition. A specialist who regularly manages valve disease can assess your condition and offer treatment options.
