Scheduling birth before a mother's due date may prevent preeclampsia

More than half of all preeclampsia cases that occur near the end of pregnancy may be prevented by inducing birth or delivering the baby by cesarean section in the final weeks, 新的研究表明.

这项研究, 依靠计算机建模来预测风险, 这项研究于周一发表在美国心脏协会期刊上 高血压.

Preeclampsia is a dangerous condition characterized by high 血压 and protein in the urine. 在美国，每25名孕妇中就有1名患有此病. A woman is diagnosed with preeclampsia if her systolic 血压 (the top number) is 140 mmHg or higher or her diastolic (bottom number) is 90 mmHg or higher during pregnancy. It is typically diagnosed after 20 weeks and is a leading cause of maternal death worldwide. There are no known strategies for effectively preventing this condition.

子痫前期的症状可能包括头痛, 视力改变，母亲的手肿胀, 脚, 脸或眼睛. 它还可能导致婴儿的健康状况发生变化. Women who develop this condition during pregnancy face an increased risk for heart problems later in life.

Most preeclampsia diagnoses are "at term," meaning they occur between 37 and 42 weeks of pregnancy. Low-dose aspirin can reduce the risk of developing preeclampsia earlier in pregnancy by more than half in women at risk, 但这并不能降低妊娠末期的风险, 当先兆子痫发生的可能性是三倍. At-term preeclampsia is associated with more complications than when the condition develops earlier.

Researchers analyzed more than 10 years of health records related to nearly 90,在英国的两家医院里. They included data on when and how participants' babies were delivered. 这项研究中的大多数女性都在30岁出头, 白色，处于正常体重的上限.

Regardless of whether they were screened in the first or third trimester, women were diagnosed with at-term preeclampsia with similar frequency.

The analysis found that when a computer program – one that predicts the risk of preeclampsia based on factors such as maternal history, 血压, ultrasound and blood tests – was used in place of standard clinical screening, inducing a birth or delivering by C-section would reduce the risk of at-term preeclampsia by more than half.

"Timed birth is achievable in many hospitals or health centers," lead study author Dr. 劳拉一个. 麦吉在沙巴足球体育平台发布会上说. She is a professor of women's health at King's College in London. "Our proposed approach to prevent at-term preeclampsia has huge potential for global good in maternity care."

重要的是, 她说, "being at higher risk of at-term preeclampsia was associated with earlier spontaneous onset of labor, so women at the highest risk were already less likely to deliver close to their due date."

在2023年 科学声明 关于在怀孕前优化心脏健康, 美国心脏协会鼓励女性吃健康的饮食, not smoke and maintain a healthy weight to reduce the risk for preeclampsia and other pregnancy complications.