Some flu vaccine reactions might be a good sign for people with heart disease

Lea en español

那些因害怕不良反应而放弃每年接种流感疫苗的心脏病患者可能希望重新考虑一下. 新的研究发现，患有轻度到中度副作用的高危心脏病患者不太可能因心脏或肺部问题住院，也不太可能因任何原因死亡.

The findings suggest mild vaccine-related side effects, such as injection site pain, may signal a strong immune response and better overall health.

The work 该研究于周日在美国心脏协会的科学会议上发表，并同时发表在《 European Journal of Heart Failure.

这为支持心脏病患者每年接种流感疫苗提供了大量证据.

“流感疫苗与降低心脏发病率和死亡率的风险有关, but despite this advantage, 仍然有很大比例的心脏病患者没有接种疫苗," said lead investigator Dr. Alexander Peikert. 他是波士顿布莱根妇女医院医学博士后研究员. 对疫苗副作用的担忧可能是这种犹豫的原因之一."

The study showed "having a mild adverse reaction is a good thing," Peikert said. "If you experience such a reaction, you shouldn't be worried about it. It should not deter you from vaccination."

Previous research shows half of U.S. adults hospitalized for the flu have heart disease, 感染流感后，第一次心脏病发作的风险是第一次心脏病发作的六倍. 研究表明，接种流感疫苗可以大大降低患病风险，但是 less than half of U.S. adults do so.

"We know it's beneficial, but they aren't taking it," said Dr. Siva Harsha Yedlapati是纽约州布法罗伊利县医疗中心的内科医生. 他说，几项研究表明，对副作用的恐惧是人们放弃注射的主要原因.

Yedlapati, who was not involved in the new research, led a recent study 发表在《美国心脏协会杂志》上的一项研究发现，流感疫苗大大降低了心脏病患者死亡或出现严重心脏相关并发症的风险.

In this latest study, Peikert and his team analyzed data for 5,210 participants for whom adverse reaction data were available in the INVESTED (流感疫苗有效阻止心肺沙巴体育平台点击进入和失代偿性心力衰竭)试验. That trial included patients at 157 medical centers in the U.S. and Canada who had recently been hospitalized for heart failure or a heart attack. 参与者的平均年龄为65岁，他们接种了标准或高剂量的流感疫苗.

总的来说，研究人员分析了三个流感季节总共7154次接种疫苗的数据. 研究人员对参与者进行随访，直到每个流感季节结束(长达10个月)，以观察是否会出现并发症. Deaths were recorded for up to three years following vaccination.

Mild, moderate and severe reactions to the flu vaccine were recorded. Overall, 37.8%的人经历了某种类型的副作用，其中大多数反应(76.4%) being mild. Injection site pain was the most common side effect, accounting for 60.3% of adverse reactions, followed by muscle aches and pains (34.5%) and overall discomfort (22%). Just 2.9% of adverse reactions were considered severe, representing 1.1% of vaccines administered.

出现不良反应的人更有可能是女性，并且因心脏病发作而住院. They also were more likely to be younger, 与那些对疫苗没有反应的吸烟者和超重者进行比较.

只有涉及注射部位的反应与降低心肺或死亡风险相关. Overall, 那些经历轻度至中度注射部位反应的人因任何原因死亡或因心肺问题住院的风险降低了19%.

虽然研究中很小一部分人对疫苗有严重反应, those who did were 68% more likely to die or be hospitalized, 这一发现表明，这一群体可能容易出现免疫系统故障, Peikert said.

那些接种高剂量疫苗的人更有可能对注射产生反应, 但接种低剂量疫苗的人与接种高剂量疫苗的人相比，住院率和死亡率没有差异, he said.

佩克特说，研究结果只适用于心血管疾病高风险人群，可能不适用于普通大众.

美国心脏协会和疾病控制与预防中心建议所有6个月及以上的人每年接种流感疫苗, including those with heart disease, with rare exceptions. However, 美国疾病控制与预防中心不建议心脏病患者使用活流感疫苗(也称为鼻喷雾剂).

Find more news from Scientific Sessions.

如果你对这篇美国心脏协会沙巴足球体育平台有任何问题或评论，请发电子邮件 [email protected].